출판 : MarketsandMarkets (마켓츠앤마켓츠) 출판년월 : 2023년01월
씬 클라이언트(Thin client) 시장 : 폼 팩터(독립형, 모니터 포함, 모바일), 용도(ITS, 교육, 헬스케어, 정부, BFSI, 산업, 소매, 운수), 지역(북미, 유럽, APAC, RoW) – 2028년까지의 세계 예측
Thin client Market by Form Factor (Standalone, With Monitor, Mobile), Application (ITS, Education, Healthcare, Government, BFSI, Industrial, Retail, and Transportation) and Region (North America, Europe, APAC, RoW) – Global Forecast to 2028
페이지수 | 215 |
도표수 | 251 |
구성 | 영문조사보고서 |
가격 |
The thin client market is projected to reach USD 1.7 billion by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 3.1% from 2023 to 2028. This report covers key applications, namely, ITS, Education, BFSI, Industrial, Government, Healthcare, Retail, and Transportation.
씬 클라이언트 시장은 2023년부터 2028년까지 연평균 3.1% 성장하여 2028년까지 17억 달러에 이를 것으로 예상됩니다. 이 보고서는 ITS, 교육, BFSI, 산업, 정부, 의료, 소매 및 운송과 같은 주요 애플리케이션을 다룹니다.
“The mobile segment is projected to grow at a high CAGR in the market during the forecast period.”
Low lifecycle and operational costs to fuel demand for thin mobile clients. A thin mobile client is a laptop-like device that helps users to access a virtual desktop wherever they are located as long as they have an Internet or network connection. Mobile thin clients are flexible enough to deliver a secure user experience whether users are working from a corporate office or on the go. They exhibit low lifecycle and operational costs because they are energy-efficient and not overloaded with unnecessary features or functions.
“Asia Pacific to grow at the highest rate in the thin client market.”
China is estimated to hold the largest share in the thin client market, followed by Japan in the Asia Pacific. IoT has penetrated various verticals in the Asia Pacific, such as defense, automotive, aviation, manufacturing, healthcare, and food & beverage. IoT and 5G are among the major drivers for the growth of the thin client market. IoT and 5G integration in different sectors will help enterprises worldwide deploy, manage, and scale their businesses from a unified platform and remote locations. Since thin client solutions work on enterprise servers, the industries will move towards virtual infrastructure.
The key players operating in the thin client market include HP (US), Dell Technologies (US), Centerm (China), IGEL (Germany), and Fujitsu (Japan), NComputing (US), Samsung (South Korea), LG Electronics (South Korea), Advantech Co., Ltd. (Taiwan), Lenovo (Hong Kong), Acer (Taiwan), Intel (US), 10ZiG (US), Siemens (Germany), Chip PC (Israel), Clearcube Technology (UK), VXL Technology (UK), Stratodesk Corp (US), OnLogic (US), Clientron Corp. (Taiwan), Arista Corporation (US), Thinvent (India), Seal Technologies (India), Atrust (Taiwan) and Praim (Italy). The thin client market has been segmented into form factor, application, and region.
Research Coverage:
This research report categorizes the thin client market on the basis of form factor, applications, and region. The report describes the major drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities pertaining to the thin client market and forecasts the same till 2028. Apart from these, the report also consists of leadership mapping and analysis of all the companies included in the thin client ecosystem.
Key Benefits of Buying the Report
The report would help leaders/new entrants in this market in the following ways:
1. This report segments the thin client market comprehensively and provides the closest market size projection for all subsegments across different regions.
2. The report helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provides them with information on key drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities for market growth.
3. This report would help stakeholders understand their competitors better and gain more insights to improve their position in the business. The competitive landscape section includes competitor ecosystem, product developments and launches, partnerships, and mergers and acquisitions.
4. The analysis of the top 25 companies, based on the market rank as well as the product footprint will help stakeholders visualize the market positioning of these key players.
5. Patent analysis, trade data, and technological trends that will shape the market in the coming years has also been covered in this report.
목차
1 INTRODUCTION 28
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES 28
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 28
1.3 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS 28
1.4 STUDY SCOPE 29
1.4.1 MARKETS COVERED 29
FIGURE 1 THIN CLIENT MARKET SEGMENTATION 29
FIGURE 2 REGIONAL SCOPE 29
1.4.2 YEARS CONSIDERED 30
1.5 CURRENCY CONSIDERED 30
1.6 LIMITATIONS 30
1.7 STAKEHOLDERS 30
1.8 SUMMARY OF CHANGES 31
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 32
2.1 RESEARCH DATA 32
FIGURE 3 THIN CLIENT MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 32
2.1.1 SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH 33
FIGURE 4 RESEARCH APPROACH 33
2.1.2 SECONDARY DATA 33
2.1.2.1 List of major secondary sources 34
2.1.2.2 Key data from secondary sources 34
2.1.3 PRIMARY DATA 34
2.1.3.1 Breakdown of primaries 35
2.1.3.2 Key data from secondary sources 35
2.1.3.3 Primary interviews 36
2.1.3.4 Key industry insights 36
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 36
2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 37
2.2.1.1 Approach to derive market size using bottom-up analysis (demand side) 37
FIGURE 5 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 37
2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 38
2.2.2.1 Approach to derive market size using top-down analysis (supply side) 38
FIGURE 6 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 38
FIGURE 7 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 39
2.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION 39
FIGURE 8 DATA TRIANGULATION 40
2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 41
FIGURE 9 ASSUMPTIONS 41
2.5 IMPACT OF RECESSION 42
2.6 RISK ASSESSMENT 42
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 43
3.1 GROWTH RATE ASSUMPTIONS/GROWTH FORECASTS 43
3.2 RECESSION ANALYSIS 44
FIGURE 10 GDP GROWTH PROJECTIONS TILL 2023 FOR MAJOR ECONOMIES 45
FIGURE 11 PROJECTIONS FOR THIN CLIENT MARKET, 2019–2028 45
FIGURE 12 PROJECTED YEARLY GROWTH TREND OF THIN CLIENT MARKET 46
TABLE 1 THIN CLIENT MARKET, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 46
TABLE 2 THIN CLIENT MARKET, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 46
FIGURE 13 THIN CLIENT MARKET, 2019–2028 (MILLION UNITS) 47
FIGURE 14 EDUCATION SEGMENT HELD LARGEST SHARE OF THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, IN 2022 47
FIGURE 15 STANDALONE SEGMENT TO HOLD LARGEST SHARE OF THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, DURING FORECAST PERIOD 48
FIGURE 16 ASIA PACIFIC ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST SHARE OF THIN CLIENT MARKET IN 2022 48
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 49
4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN THIN CLIENT MARKET 49
FIGURE 17 GROWING ADOPTION OF THIN CLIENTS TO REMOTELY ACCESS CENTRALIZED DATA 49
4.2 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR 49
FIGURE 18 STANDALONE SEGMENT TO ACCOUNT FOR LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 2023 49
4.3 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION 50
FIGURE 19 EDUCATION SEGMENT TO HOLD LARGEST MARKET SHARE DURING FORECAST PERIOD 50
4.4 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION 50
FIGURE 20 ASIA PACIFIC TO WITNESS SIGNIFICANT GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD 50
4.5 ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION AND COUNTRY 51
FIGURE 21 EDUCATION SEGMENT AND CHINA HELD LARGEST SHARES OF ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET IN 2022 51
4.6 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY 51
FIGURE 22 CHINA TO REGISTER HIGHEST CAGR IN THIN CLIENT MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 51
5 MARKET OVERVIEW 52
5.1 INTRODUCTION 52
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 52
FIGURE 23 THIN CLIENT MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES 52
FIGURE 24 THIN CLIENT MARKET: IMPACT OF DRIVERS 53
5.2.1 DRIVERS 53
5.2.1.1 Rising adoption of cloud-based services 53
5.2.1.2 Cost-effectiveness associated with deployment of thin clients 54
5.2.1.3 Growing need for digitalization in education sector 54
5.2.1.4 Shift from traditional to smart manufacturing in industrial sector 54
FIGURE 25 GLOBAL SMART MANUFACTURING MARKET (USD BILLION) 55
5.2.1.5 Advancements in healthcare infrastructure 55
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS 56
FIGURE 26 THIN CLIENT MARKET: IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS 56
5.2.2.1 System compatibility issues and dependency on centralized network 56
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 56
FIGURE 27 THIN CLIENT MARKET: IMPACT OF OPPORTUNITIES 56
5.2.3.1 Rising investments in data centers by leading corporations 57
5.2.3.2 Growing digitization of financial sector 57
5.2.4 CHALLENGES 57
FIGURE 28 THIN CLIENT MARKET: IMPACT OF CHALLENGES 57
5.2.4.1 Lack of skilled personnel for implementing virtualization systems 58
5.2.4.2 Creation of network traffic while managing enormous number of devices and data 58
5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 58
FIGURE 29 THIN CLIENT MARKET: VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 59
5.4 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 60
FIGURE 30 THIN CLIENT MARKET: ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 60
TABLE 3 THIN CLIENT MARKET: ROLE OF COMPANIES IN ECOSYSTEM 61
5.5 TRENDS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESSES 62
FIGURE 31 REVENUE SHIFT IN THIN CLIENT MARKET 62
5.6 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 62
TABLE 4 THIN CLIENT MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 63
5.7 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA 64
5.7.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS 64
FIGURE 32 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS, BY APPLICATION 64
TABLE 5 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS, BY APPLICATION (%) 64
5.7.2 BUYING CRITERIA 65
FIGURE 33 KEY BUYING CRITERIA, BY APPLICATION 65
TABLE 6 KEY BUYING CRITERIA, BY APPLICATION 65
5.8 PRICING ANALYSIS 66
FIGURE 34 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF THIN CLIENTS, BY FORM FACTOR 66
TABLE 7 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF THIN CLIENTS, BY COMPANY 67
5.9 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS 67
TABLE 8 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE TURNED TRADITIONAL PC ENVIRONMENT INTO VIRTUAL WORKSTATION FLEET 67
TABLE 9 ADVANTECH CO., LTD. HELPED BAT SET UP SMART FACTORY SOLUTIONS 68
TABLE 10 MINOOKA COMMUNITY CONSOLIDATED SCHOOL DISTRICT DEPLOYED HP’S THIN CLIENTS 68
TABLE 11 10ZIG HELPED CONESTOGA TO ACHIEVE GOAL OF WORKSTATIONS OF REPORTING EACH STEP IN MANUFACTURING PROCESS 69
TABLE 12 CENTERM HELPED CAIXA BANK IMPROVE EFFICIENCY AND SECURITY LEVEL 69
5.10 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 69
5.10.1 COMPLIMENTARY TECHNOLOGY 70
5.10.1.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) 70
5.10.1.2 Big data 70
5.10.2 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGY 70
5.10.2.1 Cloud computing 70
5.10.2.2 PC-over-IP (PCoIP) 70
5.11 PATENT ANALYSIS 71
FIGURE 35 THIN CLIENT MARKET: PATENT ANALYSIS 71
TABLE 13 PATENTS RELATED TO THIN CLIENT MARKET 71
5.12 KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2023–2024 73
TABLE 14 THIN CLIENT MARKET: DETAILED LIST OF CONFERENCES AND EVENTS 73
5.13 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE 74
5.13.1 REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 74
TABLE 15 NORTH AMERICA: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 74
TABLE 16 EUROPE: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 75
TABLE 17 ASIA PACIFIC: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 76
TABLE 18 ROW: LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 77
5.13.2 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE 77
5.13.2.1 US regulations 77
5.13.2.1.1 The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act 77
5.13.2.1.2 California Consumer Privacy Act 77
5.13.2.1.3 Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act 77
5.13.2.1.4 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 78
5.13.2.1.5 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) 78
5.13.2.1.6 The FTC’s Fair Information Practice 78
5.13.2.2 EU regulations 78
5.13.2.2.1 General Data Protection Regulation 78
5.13.3 STANDARDS 78
5.13.3.1 CEN/ISO 78
5.13.3.2 ISO/IEC JTC 1 78
5.13.3.2.1 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 79
5.13.3.2.2 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27 79
5.13.3.3 Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard 79
5.13.3.4 European Technical Standards Institute (ETSI) 79
5.13.3.5 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards Association (IEEE) 79
5.13.4 TARIFF ANALYSIS 79
TABLE 19 TARIFF FOR ELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AS PROCESSORS AND CONTROLLERS EXPORTED BY US, 2021 80
TABLE 20 TARIFF FOR ELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AS PROCESSORS AND CONTROLLERS EXPORTED BY CHINA, 2021 80
TABLE 21 TARIFF FOR ELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AS PROCESSORS AND CONTROLLERS EXPORTED BY GERMANY, 2021 80
5.14 TRADE ANALYSIS 81
TABLE 22 EXPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 847150, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 81
FIGURE 36 EXPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 847150, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 23 IMPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 847150, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 82
FIGURE 37 IMPORT DATA FOR HS CODE 847150, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2021 (USD MILLION) 82
6 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR 83
6.1 INTRODUCTION 84
FIGURE 38 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 84
6.2 STANDALONE 84
6.2.1 INCREASING FOCUS ON UPGRADING TRADITIONAL PCS TO BOOST ADOPTION OF STANDALONE THIN CLIENTS 84
6.2.2 CASE STUDY: AGRICULTURE BANK OF CHINA (ABC) REPLACED PCS WITH CENTERM’S THIN CLIENTS TO ACHIEVE HIGH EFFICIENCY 85
6.3 WITH MONITOR 85
6.3.1 LESS OPERATING COST TO FUEL ADOPTION OF THIN CLIENTS WITH MONITORS 85
6.3.2 CASE STUDY: IGEL AND LG COLLABORATED TO IMPROVE DIGITAL EXPERIENCE FOR KALEIDA HEALTH 85
6.4 MOBILE 85
6.4.1 LOW LIFECYCLE AND OPERATIONAL COSTS TO FUEL DEMAND FOR MOBILE THIN CLIENTS 85
6.4.2 CASE STUDY: ATRUST MOBILE THIN CLIENT HELPED VITAL-NET, INC. PROVIDE FLEXIBILITY AND MOBILITY 86
TABLE 24 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 86
TABLE 25 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 86
7 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION 87
7.1 INTRODUCTION 88
FIGURE 39 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 88
TABLE 26 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 27 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 89
7.2 INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (ITS) 89
7.2.1 GROWING DATA SECURITY CONCERNS IN ENTERPRISES 89
7.2.2 CASE STUDY: CALFORD SEADEN SWITCHED TO VIRTUAL DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT AS IT SAVES ENERGY COSTS 90
TABLE 28 ITS: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 29 ITS: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 30 ITS: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 91
TABLE 31 ITS: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 91
7.3 GOVERNMENT 91
7.3.1 GROWING NEED FOR DATA SECURITY 91
7.3.2 CASE STUDY: DEPLOYMENT OF BREEZE INNOVATIONS’ THIN CLIENTS AT PASSENGER RESERVATION SYSTEMS (PRSS) IN INDIA 92
TABLE 32 GOVERNMENT: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 92
TABLE 33 GOVERNMENT: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 92
TABLE 34 GOVERNMENT: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 92
TABLE 35 GOVERNMENT: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 93
7.4 EDUCATION 93
7.4.1 HIGH MAINTENANCE COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPUTERS 93
7.4.2 CASE STUDY: CLYDEBANK COLLEGE COLLABORATED WITH DEVON IT TO DEPLOY THIN CLIENTS TO OFFER STUDENTS VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE 93
TABLE 36 EDUCATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 37 EDUCATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 38 EDUCATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 39 EDUCATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 94
7.5 INDUSTRIAL 95
7.5.1 RISING ADOPTION OF SMART MANUFACTURING TO REDUCE COSTS AND INCREASE MANUFACTURING AND TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY 95
7.5.2 CASE STUDY: ADVANTECH CO., LTD. HELPED BAT SET UP SMART FACTORY SOLUTIONS 95
TABLE 40 INDUSTRIAL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 95
TABLE 41 INDUSTRIAL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 96
TABLE 42 INDUSTRIAL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 96
TABLE 43 INDUSTRIAL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 96
7.6 HEALTHCARE 96
7.6.1 DIGITAL ADVANCEMENTS IN HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE 96
7.6.2 CASE STUDY: VXL TECHNOLOGY HELPED PIEDMONT HEALTHCARE STREAMLINE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 97
TABLE 44 HEALTHCARE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 97
TABLE 45 HEALTHCARE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 97
TABLE 46 HEALTHCARE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 98
TABLE 47 HEALTHCARE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 98
7.7 RETAIL 98
7.7.1 GROWING USE OF THIN CLIENTS IN POINT-OF-SALE KIOSKS 98
7.7.2 CASE STUDY: WAGELA HELPED RETAIL CHAIN UPGRADE EXISTING THIN CLIENTS ACROSS ALL LOCATIONS 99
TABLE 48 RETAIL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 99
TABLE 49 RETAIL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 99
TABLE 50 RETAIL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 99
TABLE 51 RETAIL: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 100
7.8 BFSI 100
7.8.1 GROWING USE OF THIN CLIENTS IN BFSI SECTOR TO ACHIEVE HIGH SECURITY 100
7.8.2 CASE STUDY: CENTERM’S THIN CLIENTS IMPROVED OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND SAVED COSTS FOR OCBC BANK 100
TABLE 52 BFSI: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 53 BFSI: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 54 BFSI: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 55 BFSI: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 101
7.9 TRANSPORTATION 102
7.9.1 RISING USE OF THIN CLIENT-BASED INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS 102
TABLE 56 TRANSPORTATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 102
TABLE 57 TRANSPORTATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY FORM FACTOR, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 102
TABLE 58 TRANSPORTATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 102
TABLE 59 TRANSPORTATION: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 103
8 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION 104
8.1 INTRODUCTION 105
FIGURE 40 ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET TO GROW AT SIGNIFICANT RATE FROM 2023 TO 2028 105
TABLE 60 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 105
TABLE 61 THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 106
8.2 NORTH AMERICA 106
8.2.1 NORTH AMERICA: RECESSION IMPACT 106
FIGURE 41 NORTH AMERICA: SNAPSHOT OF THIN CLIENT MARKET 107
TABLE 62 NORTH AMERICA: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 107
TABLE 63 NORTH AMERICA: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 108
TABLE 64 NORTH AMERICA: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 108
TABLE 65 NORTH AMERICA: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 108
8.2.2 US 109
8.2.2.1 Growing need for smart infrastructure and rising adoption of advanced technologies 109
8.2.2.2 Case Study: HP’s thin clients support Kindred in providing efficient, high-quality care 109
8.2.3 CANADA 110
8.2.3.1 Rising shift toward automation of IT service operations 110
8.2.3.2 Case Study: JIG Technologies helped Terry Fox Foundation perform regular hardware and software upgrades and replace old PCs and servers 110
8.2.4 MEXICO 110
8.2.4.1 Rising digital infrastructure development 110
8.2.4.2 Increasing investments in data centers with growing adoption of cloud computing 111
TABLE 66 ITS: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 111
TABLE 67 ITS: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 111
TABLE 68 EDUCATION: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 111
TABLE 69 EDUCATION: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 112
TABLE 70 BFSI: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 112
TABLE 71 BFSI: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 112
TABLE 72 INDUSTRIAL: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 112
TABLE 73 INDUSTRIAL: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 113
TABLE 74 GOVERNMENT: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 113
TABLE 75 GOVERNMENT: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 113
TABLE 76 HEALTHCARE: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 113
TABLE 77 HEALTHCARE: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 114
TABLE 78 RETAIL: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 114
TABLE 79 RETAIL: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 114
TABLE 80 TRANSPORTATION: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 114
TABLE 81 TRANSPORTATION: NORTH AMERICA THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 115
8.3 EUROPE 115
8.3.1 EUROPE: RECESSION IMPACT 115
FIGURE 42 EUROPE: SNAPSHOT OF THIN CLIENT MARKET 116
TABLE 82 EUROPE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 116
TABLE 83 EUROPE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 117
TABLE 84 EUROPE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 117
TABLE 85 EUROPE: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 117
8.3.2 UK 118
8.3.2.1 Increasing remote/hybrid initiatives by organizations 118
8.3.2.2 Case Study: Getech made strategic shift to AVD on IGEL OS-powered LG thin client desktops 118
8.3.3 GERMANY 118
8.3.3.1 Technological advancements in digital technologies 118
8.3.3.2 Government-led initiatives for digital transformation 119
8.3.4 FRANCE 119
8.3.4.1 Increasing digital transformation 119
8.3.5 REST OF EUROPE 119
TABLE 86 ITS: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 120
TABLE 87 ITS: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 120
TABLE 88 EDUCATION: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 120
TABLE 89 EDUCATION: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 121
TABLE 90 BFSI: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 121
TABLE 91 BFSI: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 121
TABLE 92 INDUSTRIAL: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 121
TABLE 93 INDUSTRIAL: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 122
TABLE 94 GOVERNMENT: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 122
TABLE 95 GOVERNMENT: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 122
TABLE 96 HEALTHCARE: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 122
TABLE 97 HEALTHCARE: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 123
TABLE 98 RETAIL: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 123
TABLE 99 RETAIL: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 123
TABLE 100 TRANSPORTATION: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 123
TABLE 101 TRANSPORTATION: EUROPE THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 124
8.4 ASIA PACIFIC 124
8.4.1 ASIA PACIFIC: RECESSION IMPACT 124
FIGURE 43 ASIA PACIFIC: SNAPSHOT OF THIN CLIENT MARKET 125
TABLE 102 ASIA PACIFIC: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 125
TABLE 103 ASIA PACIFIC: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 126
TABLE 104 ASIA PACIFIC: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 126
TABLE 105 ASIA PACIFIC: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 126
8.4.2 CHINA 127
8.4.2.1 Increasing focus on cloud computing and smart infrastructure 127
8.4.2.2 Case Study: Agriculture Bank of China replaced PCs with Centerm’s thin clients for higher efficiency 127
8.4.3 JAPAN 127
8.4.3.1 Rising investments and adoption of cloud services 127
8.4.3.2 Case Study: Atrust Mobile’s thin client provides flexibility and mobility for Vital-Net, Inc. 128
8.4.4 INDIA 128
8.4.4.1 Increasing public–private investments under Make in India initiative 128
8.4.4.2 Case Study: Deployment of Breeze thin clients at unreserved ticketing System (UTS) of India Railways 129
8.4.5 SOUTH KOREA 129
8.4.5.1 Advancements in cellular technologies 129
8.4.6 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC 129
TABLE 106 ITS: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 130
TABLE 107 ITS: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 130
TABLE 108 EDUCATION: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 131
TABLE 109 EDUCATION: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 131
TABLE 110 BFSI: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 131
TABLE 111 BFSI: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 132
TABLE 112 INDUSTRIAL: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 132
TABLE 113 INDUSTRIAL: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 132
TABLE 114 GOVERNMENT: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 133
TABLE 115 GOVERNMENT: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 133
TABLE 116 HEALTHCARE: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 133
TABLE 117 HEALTHCARE: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 134
TABLE 118 RETAIL: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 134
TABLE 119 RETAIL: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 134
TABLE 120 TRANSPORTATION: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 135
TABLE 121 TRANSPORTATION: ASIA PACIFIC THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 135
8.5 ROW 135
8.5.1 ROW: RECESSION IMPACT 136
TABLE 122 ROW: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION) 136
TABLE 123 ROW: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION) 136
TABLE 124 ROW: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 137
TABLE 125 ROW: THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 137
8.5.2 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 137
8.5.2.1 Increasing industrial automation 137
8.5.2.2 Growing adoption of advanced technologies 138
8.5.3 SOUTH AMERICA 138
8.5.3.1 Rising adoption of managed services 138
TABLE 126 ITS: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 139
TABLE 127 ITS: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 139
TABLE 128 EDUCATION: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 139
TABLE 129 EDUCATION: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 139
TABLE 130 BFSI: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 139
TABLE 131 BFSI: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 140
TABLE 132 INDUSTRIAL: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 140
TABLE 133 INDUSTRIAL: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 140
TABLE 134 GOVERNMENT: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 140
TABLE 135 GOVERNMENT: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 140
TABLE 136 HEALTHCARE: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 141
TABLE 137 HEALTHCARE: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 141
TABLE 138 RETAIL: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 141
TABLE 139 RETAIL: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 141
TABLE 140 TRANSPORTATION: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019–2022 (USD THOUSAND) 141
TABLE 141 TRANSPORTATION: ROW THIN CLIENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD THOUSAND) 142
9 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 143
9.1 OVERVIEW 143
9.1.1 OVERVIEW OF KEY GROWTH STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY MAJOR COMPANIES 143
TABLE 142 OVERVIEW OF KEY GROWTH STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY MAJOR COMPANIES 143
9.2 THIN CLIENT MARKET: REVENUE ANALYSIS 145
FIGURE 44 THREE-YEAR REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PLAYERS IN THIN CLIENT MARKET 145
9.3 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS (2022) 145
TABLE 143 THIN CLIENT MARKET: MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS 145
9.4 COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2022 147
9.4.1 STARS 147
9.4.2 EMERGING LEADERS 147
9.4.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS 147
9.4.4 PARTICIPANTS 147
FIGURE 45 THIN CLIENT MARKET (GLOBAL): KEY COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2022 148
9.5 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING 149
TABLE 144 THIN CLIENT MARKET: DETAILED LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES 149
TABLE 145 THIN CLIENT MARKET: COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES 149
9.6 SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES) EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2022 150
9.6.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES 150
9.6.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES 150
9.6.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES 150
9.6.4 STARTING BLOCKS 150
FIGURE 46 THIN CLIENT MARKET (GLOBAL): SME EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2022 151
TABLE 146 THIN CLIENT MARKET: COMPANY FOOTPRINT 152
TABLE 147 THIN CLIENT MARKET: FORM FACTOR FOOTPRINT 153
TABLE 148 THIN CLIENT MARKET: APPLICATION FOOTPRINT 154
TABLE 149 THIN CLIENT MARKET: REGIONAL FOOTPRINT 155
9.7 COMPETITIVE SCENARIOS AND TRENDS 156
9.7.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES 156
TABLE 150 THIN CLIENT MARKET: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, APRIL 2018–AUGUST 2022 156
9.7.2 DEALS 158
TABLE 151 THIN CLIENT MARKET: DEALS, JUNE 2018–NOVEMBER 2022 158
10 COMPANY PROFILES 163
(Business Overview, Products/Solutions/Services Offered, Recent Developments, MnM view (Key strengths/Right to win, Strategic choices made, Weakness/competitive threats)*
10.1 KEY PLAYERS 163
10.1.1 HP INC. 163
TABLE 152 HP INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 163
FIGURE 47 HP INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 164
TABLE 153 HP INC.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 164
TABLE 154 HP INC.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 165
TABLE 155 HP INC.: DEALS 166
10.1.2 DELL TECHNOLOGIES 167
TABLE 156 DELL TECHNOLOGIES: COMPANY OVERVIEW 167
FIGURE 48 DELL TECHNOLOGIES: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 167
TABLE 157 DELL TECHNOLOGIES: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 168
TABLE 158 DELL TECHNOLOGIES: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 168
10.1.3 IGEL 170
TABLE 159 IGEL: COMPANY OVERVIEW 170
TABLE 160 IGEL: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 170
TABLE 161 IGEL: DEALS 171
10.1.4 CENTERM 173
TABLE 162 CENTERM: COMPANY OVERVIEW 173
TABLE 163 CENTERM: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 173
TABLE 164 CENTERM: DEALS 174
10.1.5 FUJITSU 175
TABLE 165 FUJITSU: COMPANY OVERVIEW 175
FIGURE 49 FUJITSU: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 176
TABLE 166 FUJITSU: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 177
TABLE 167 FUJITSU.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 177
10.1.6 NCOMPUTING 179
TABLE 168 NCOMPUTING: COMPANY OVERVIEW 179
TABLE 169 NCOMPUTING: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 179
TABLE 170 NCOMPUTING: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 180
TABLE 171 NCOMPUTING: DEALS 181
10.1.7 SAMSUNG 183
TABLE 172 SAMSUNG: COMPANY OVERVIEW 183
FIGURE 50 SAMSUNG: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 184
TABLE 173 SAMSUNG: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 185
10.1.8 ADVANTECH CO., LTD. 186
TABLE 174 ADVANTECH CO., LTD.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 186
FIGURE 51 ADVANTECH CO., LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 187
TABLE 175 ADVANTECH CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 188
10.1.9 LENOVO 189
TABLE 176 LENOVO: COMPANY OVERVIEW 189
FIGURE 52 LENOVO: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 190
TABLE 177 LENOVO: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 190
TABLE 178 LENOVO: DEALS 191
10.1.10 INTEL CORPORATION 192
TABLE 179 INTEL CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW 192
FIGURE 53 INTEL CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 193
TABLE 180 INTEL: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 193
TABLE 181 INTEL: DEALS 194
10.1.11 10ZIG TECHNOLOGY 195
TABLE 182 10ZIG TECHNOLOGY: COMPANY OVERVIEW 195
TABLE 183 10ZIG TECHNOLOGY: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 195
TABLE 184 10ZIG TECHNOLOGY: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 196
TABLE 185 10ZIG TECHNOLOGY: DEALS 197
10.1.12 LG ELECTRONICS 198
TABLE 186 LG ELECTRONIC: COMPANY OVERVIEW 198
FIGURE 54 LG ELECTRONICS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 199
TABLE 187 LG ELECTRONICS: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 199
TABLE 188 LG ELECTRONICS: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 200
TABLE 189 LG ELECTRONICS: DEALS 201
10.1.13 ACER 202
TABLE 190 ACER: COMPANY OVERVIEW 202
FIGURE 55 ACER: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 203
TABLE 191 ACER: PRODUCT LAUNCHES 204
10.1.14 SIEMENS 205
TABLE 192 SIEMENS: COMPANY OVERVIEW 205
FIGURE 56 SIEMENS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 206
TABLE 193 SIEMENS: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 207
10.1.15 CHIP PC 208
TABLE 194 CHIP PC: COMPANY OVERVIEW 208
TABLE 195 CHIP PC: PRODUCTS/SERVICES/SOLUTIONS OFFERED 209
10.2 OTHER PLAYERS 210
10.2.1 CLEARCUBE TECHNOLOGY 210
10.2.2 ONLOGIC 211
10.2.3 CLIENTRON CORP. 212
10.2.4 THINVENT 212
10.2.5 PRAIM 213
10.2.6 ATRUST COMPUTER CORPORATION 213
10.2.7 VXL TECHNOLOGY 214
10.2.8 STRATODESK CORPORATION 214
10.2.9 ARISTA CORPORATION 215
10.2.10 SEAL TECHNOLOGIES 215
*Details on Business Overview, Products/Solutions/Services Offered, Recent Developments, MnM view (Key strengths/Right to win, Strategic choices made, Weakness/competitive threats)* might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
11 APPENDIX 216
11.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE 216
11.2 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 219
11.3 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS 221
11.4 RELATED REPORTS 221
11.5 AUTHOR DETAILS 222