유럽과 북미의 대형 상용차용 충전 인프라 – 1st Edition

조사회사：Berg Insight 조사년월：2023년07월

Charging Infrastructure for Heavy Commercial Vehicles in Europe and North America – 1st Edition
유럽 ​​및 북미의 대형 상용차용 충전 인프라는 이 두 지역의 대형 전기 CV 충전 시장에 대한 최신 개발을 분석하는 Berg Insight의 첫 번째 전략 보고서입니다. 이 보고서는 충전소 운영자, 상용차 OEM 이니셔티브, 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 공급업체를 포함한 가치 사슬의 모든 부분을 다룹니다.

리포트목차　　　　주문/문의　　　　조사회사/구입안내

Berg Insight「유럽과 북미의 대형 상용차용 충전 인프라 – 1st Edition – Charging Infrastructure for Heavy Commercial Vehicles in Europe and North America – 1st Edition」는 유럽과 북미에 있어서의 대형 상용 EV 충전 인프라 시장을 조사·분석해, 2030년까지의 시장 예측을 실시하고 있습니다.

주요 게시물

1. 유럽과 북미 상용차 충전
2. 충전 기술 및 충전 표준
   1. 전기 자동차 충전
   2. 배터리 용량 및 충전 시간
   3. 커넥터 표준
   4. 연결 및 관리 소프트웨어
   5. 결제 솔루션
3. 자동차 제조업체
4. 충전 스탠드 사업자
5. 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 공급자
6. 초기 사용 사례
7. 시장 분석 및 동향
   1. 시장 분석
      1. 시장 예측
      2. 지역별 시장 분석
   2. 가치 사슬 분석
      1. DC 충전용 하드웨어 공급자
      2. 소프트웨어 제공업체 및 충전 스탠드 사업자
      3. 유럽 정부의 장려책과 투자
      4. 북미 정부의 장려책과 투자
   3. 시장 촉진 요인 및 저해 요인
   4. 시장 동향

Report Overview

Charging Infrastructure for Heavy Commercial Vehicles in Europe and North America is the first strategy report from Berg Insight analysing the latest developments on the heavy electric CV charging market in these two regions. The report covers all parts of the value chain including charge point operators, commercial vehicle OEM initiatives, and hardware and software vendors. This strategic research report from Berg Insight provides you with 200 pages of unique business intelligence, including 8-year industry forecasts, expert commentary and real-life case studies on which to base your business decisions.

This study investigates the electric vehicle charging infrastructure market in Europe and North America. The total installed base of dedicated charging points in Europe is forecasted to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 67 percent from 6,400 in 2022 to 390,000 by 2030. In North America, Berg Insight estimates that the total installed base of dedicated charging points will increase from 4,150 in 2022 to reach 378,000 in 2030, growing at a CAGR of 76 percent. These numbers include both public and non-public charging points. Charging stations are expected to be fully connected through technologies like Wi-Fi and 4G/5G cellular, allowing for smart charging management. Get up to date with the latest information about vendors, charge point operators, products and markets.

Highlights from the report:

• Insights from 30 executive interviews with market leading companies.
• New data on heavy commercial vehicle charging infrastructure in Europe and North America.
• Comprehensive description of the EV charging value chain and key applications.
• In-depth analysis of market trends and key developments.
• Profiles of 41 companies offering EV charging hardware and software.
• Profiles of 25 charge point operators (CPOs).
• Profiles of 21 electric heavy commercial vehicle OEMs.
• Market forecasts lasting until 2030.

The number of connected heavy commercial vehicle charging points in Europe and North America to reach 768,000 by 2030

Commercial vehicle charging refers to the process of charging a battery electric commercial vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle from an external power source. The external power source is often a charging station, which is defined as equipment enabling a connection between the electric vehicle and the power grid. Commercial vehicle charging stations play a significant role in the discussions regarding the electrification of vehicle fleets and are regarded by many as a prerequisite for the deployment of electric commercial vehicles at scale. Electric commercial vehicles and charging stations designed for these vehicles are often brought forward as a necessity to decrease the environmental impact of transportation.

Berg Insight is of the opinion that the commercial vehicle charging infrastructure industry is in the very early stages of a growth phase which will last for decades. Mega-challenges such as vehicle emissions and climate change continue to encourage investments in electric commercial vehicles and charging infrastructure, contributing to a positive outlook for the market. Harsh emission regulations from governments in both Europe and North America is also a market catalyst. The installed base of dedicated charging points in Europe is forecasted to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 67 percent from 6,400 in 2022 to 390,000 by the end of 2030. In North America, Berg Insight estimates at the same time that the total number of dedicated charging points in use will increase from 4,150 in 2022 to reach 378,000 by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 76 percent. These numbers include both public and non-public charging points.

Charging stations are expected to be connected through technologies like Wi-Fi and cellular IoT, allowing for smart charging management. Charge point operators (CPOs) can remotely monitor and maintain charging stations, while commercial vehicle drivers can locate chargers, monitor charging availability and manage payments. Fleet managers can utilize smart charging software to reduce charging costs by charging at non-peak hours. Berg Insight believes that most of the commercial vehicle charging will be depot charging at the home base. In Europe, the installed base of public charging stations for commercial vehicles is still very small and will increase to 72,500 charging points by 2030. The situation in North America is similar and the installed base is expected to grow to 88,000 by 2030.

The commercial vehicle OEM part of the value chain is consolidated and consists of a few major incumbent OEMs with a global reach including Volvo Group, Scania, Mercedes-Benz Trucks, Freightliner, Peterbilt, MAN, DAF and BYD. There are additionally a number of newcomers targeting the electric commercial vehicle market specifically. Examples of these actors include Einride, Tesla, Nikola and Volta Trucks. The OEMs drive the industry forward through innovative pilot projects, joint ventures and collaborations such as the CharIN association.

In North America, there are a number of regional as well as international companies marketing DC chargers for commercial vehicles. ChargePoint is a leading player on the market and is a full-service provider offering hardware, software and CPO services. Other major regional hardware providers include ABB, Blink Charging, BorgWarner, BTC Power (E.ON), Demand Detroit, Delta Electronics, Kempower and Siemens. Several of the prominent companies in North America can provide end-to-end offerings including hardware, software and CPO services. In Europe, the market for DC charging solutions is more fragmented than in North America. Prominent actors include ABB, ADS-TEC Energy, Alpitronic, Ekoenergetyka, EVBox, Heliox, Kempower and Siemens. There are several software specific providers in both regions, offering connectivity solutions for charging. Solutions include fleet management tools, peak shaving and smart charging management. Examples of software specific actors include Ampeco, Driivz and Noodoe.

The commercial vehicle charging industry has seen initiatives from several CPOs targeting heavy commercial vehicle charging specifically. North American actors such as TeraWatt Infrastructure, Greenlane and Forum Mobility have extensive expansion plans across the entire region. Most North American charging stations are located or planned to be initially located in the state of California. There are also commercial vehicle charging pilot projects in other states such as New York and the province of Quebec. In Europe, the joint venture CPO Milence is a major player and plans to roll out 1,700 charging stations by 2027. Other CPOs with heavy commercial vehicle charging initiatives include Aral Pulse (BP Pulse), Circle K, EnBW and Rifil.

목차

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

1 Commercial Vehicle Charging in Europe and North America

1.1 User segments
1.1.1 Heavy Commercial Vehicles
1.1.2 Buses
1.1.3 Construction equipment
1.1.4 Use Cases
1.2 Electric CV range
1.3 Electric commercial vehicle charging infrastructure in Europe
1.4 Electric commercial vehicle charging infrastructure in North America
1.5 The electric commercial vehicle market
1.5.1 Vehicle types
1.5.2 The electric commercial vehicle market in Europe
1.5.3 The electric commercial vehicle market in North America
1.6 Charging strategies
1.6.1 Depot charging
1.6.2 Destination charging
1.6.3 Opportunity charging
1.7 Market players
1.7.1 Charge point operators (CPOs)
1.7.2 Heavy commercial vehicle OEMs
1.7.3 Hardware and software providers

2 Charging Technologies and Standards

2.1 Electric vehicle charging
2.1.1 AC and DC
2.2 Battery capacity and charging time
2.3 Connector standards
2.3.1 Type 1/SAE J1772
2.3.2 Type 2
2.3.3 Combined Charging System (CCS)
2.3.4 Megawatt Charging System (MCS)
2.3.5 CHAdeMO
2.3.6 North American Charging Standard (Tesla)
2.3.7 GB/T
2.3.8 Pantograph charging
2.3.9 Overhead catenary charging
2.3.10 Wireless Charging
2.4 Connectivity and management software
2.4.1 Cellular IoT gateways, routers and modems
2.4.2 The Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)
2.4.3 Charging station management software
2.5 Payment solutions
2.5.1 Mobile payments and RFID tags
2.5.2 ISO 15118
2.5.3 Autocharge
2.5.4 Payment terminals

3 Vehicle Manufacturers

3.1 BYD
3.2 Daimler Truck
3.2.1 Freightliner
3.2.2 Thomas Built Buses
3.2.3 Mercedes-Benz Trucks
3.3 Iveco Group
3.3.1 Nikola Corporation
3.4 PACCAR
3.4.1 Peterbilt
3.4.2 Kenworth
3.4.3 DAF
3.5 TRATON
3.5.1 Scania
3.5.2 MAN Truck & Bus
3.5.3 Navistar
3.6 Volvo Group
3.6.1 Volvo Trucks
3.6.2 Mack Trucks
3.6.3 Renault Trucks
3.6.4 Volvo Buses and Nova Bus
3.7 Einride
3.8 Tesla
3.9 Volta Trucks
3.10 Quantron
3.11 Lion Electric
3.12 Xos Trucks
3.13 Emerging actors

4 Charge Point Operators

4.1 Europe
4.1.1 BP Pulse
4.1.2 Circle K
4.1.3 E.ON
4.1.4 EnBW
4.1.5 Enel X
4.1.6 Fastned
4.1.7 GOFAST
4.1.8 Iberdrola
4.1.9 Ionity
4.1.10 Kople
4.1.11 Milence
4.1.12 Nimbnet
4.1.13 Rifil
4.1.14 Shell Recharge Solutions
4.1.15 Vattenfall
4.1.16 Virta
4.2 North America
4.2.1 Blink Charging
4.2.2 ChargePoint
4.2.3 Electrify America
4.2.4 EVgo
4.2.5 Forum Mobility
4.2.6 Greenlane
4.2.7 Hydro-Québec
4.2.8 TeraWatt Infrastructure
4.2.9 WattEV
4.3 Additional CPOs

5 Hardware and Software Providers

5.1 Europe
5.1.1 ABB
5.1.2 ADS-TEC Energy
5.1.3 Alpitronic (Hypercharger)
5.1.4 Ampeco
5.1.5 Charge Amps
5.1.6 Charge-V
5.1.7 Circontrol
5.1.8 Driivz
5.1.9 Ecotap
5.1.10 Efacec
5.1.11 Ekoenergetyka
5.1.12 EnerCharge
5.1.13 Enersense
5.1.14 EVBox
5.1.15 Evtec
5.1.16 E-Totem
5.1.17 GreenFlux
5.1.18 Heliox
5.1.19 Ingeteam
5.1.20 IES Synergy
5.1.21 Kempower
5.1.22 Kostad
5.1.23 Last Mile Solutions
5.1.24 L-Charge
5.1.25 Optimile
5.1.26 Siemens
5.1.27 Tritium
5.2 North America
5.2.1 BorgWarner
5.2.2 BTC Power (E.ON.)
5.2.3 ChargePoint
5.2.4 Delta Electronics
5.2.5 Demand Detroit
5.2.6 EV Connect
5.2.7 EverCharge
5.2.8 EvGateway
5.2.9 FreeWire Technologies
5.2.10 InCharge Energy
5.2.11 Noodoe
5.2.12 Proterra
5.2.13 SK Signet
5.2.14 Tellus Power Green
5.3 Additional hardware and software providers

6 Early Use Cases

6.1 DFSD electrifies A-B routes together with Volvo Trucks
6.2 Tesla delivers 36 Tesla Semis to PepsiCo
6.3 MTAs road to electrify bus-traffic in New York City
6.4 Boliden deploys underground electric trucks for mining
6.5 ARC operates Scania electric refuse trucks in Copenhagen
6.6 Schneider adds close to 100 electric Freightliner eCascadia

7 Market Analysis and Trends

7.1 Market analysis
7.1.1 Market forecasts
7.1.2 Regional market analysis
7.1.3 Government incentives and investments in Europe
7.1.4 Government incentives and investments in North America
7.2 Value chain analysis
7.2.1 DC charging hardware providers
7.2.2 Software providers and charge point operators
7.2.3 Commercial vehicle OEMs
7.2.4 Mergers and acquisitions
7.3 Market drivers and barriers
7.3.1 Drivers
7.3.2 Barriers
7.4 Market trends
7.4.1 Demand for public en route and destination charging to increase rapidly
7.4.2 The electric commercial vehicle market continues to grow fast
7.4.3 Open architectures alter the EV charging value chain
7.4.4 A modular design improves the case for DC charging
7.4.5 Electric Trucking as a Service (TaaS) is an attractive model
7.4.6 Battery buffered charging solving grid connectivity issues

Glossary

List of Figures

Figure 1.1: The number of needed public and destination chargers for CVs (EU27+ UK) … 10
Figure 1.2: Required public and destination chargers for CVs class 4–8 (North America) …. 12
Figure 1.3: Energy battery prices (2020–2030) ……….. 14
Figure 1.4: Registered medium and heavy CVs by fuel type (Europe 2021) ….. 16
Figure 1.5: Total number of active N2 & N3 BEV trucks by country (EU27+EFTA+UK) … 17
Figure 1.6: Truck classes and examples of vehicles ………. 18
Figure 1.7: Registered medium and heavy CVs by fuel type (North America 2021) .. 19
Figure 1.8: Total number of active class 2B–8 BEV trucks (North America 2018–2022) …. 19
Figure 2.1: Alternative Current (AC) and Direct Current charging (DC) charging …… 25
Figure 2.2: Examples of battery capacity for different truck models …… 27
Figure 2.3: Theoretical charging times for a 500-kWh battery …….. 27
Figure 2.4: Connector standards by geographical region ………. 28
Figure 2.5: MCS connector …………. 29
Figure 2.6: Variants of pantograph charging ………. 31
Figure 2.7: Common features in cellular IoT gateways and routers ……. 34
Figure 2.8: Examples of routers used in EV charging applications …….. 35
Figure 2.9: Overview of a cluster configuration ………. 36
Figure 2.10: Example of a dashboard for management of charging operations ……. 39
Figure 2.11: Example of RFID card and tag ………… 40
Figure 2.12: Examples of payment terminals for EV charging stations …… 41
Figure 3.1: Freightliner eCascadia ………….. 47
Figure 3.2: Scania electric truck and ABB charging station ……. 57
Figure 3.3: Volvo FM Electric ………….. 63
Figure 3.4: Tesla Semi trucks ………….. 70
Figure 3.5: List of emerging actors …………. 75
Figure 4.1: BP Pulse charging corridor for commercial vehicles…….. 80
Figure 4.2: Circle K charging station in Gothenburg ………. 81
Figure 4.3: EnBW truck charging park ………… 84
Figure 4.4: GOFAST commercial vehicle charging station ……… 87
Figure 4.5: EVgo chargers for heavy-duty appliances ………. 101
Figure 4.6: Greenlane truck charging station ……….. 102
Figure 4.7: TeraWatt Infrastructure charging station …….. 104
Figure 4.8: WattEV’s planned charging station ……… 106
Figure 4.9: Additional CPOs ………….. 106
Figure 5.1: The Terra 360 from ABB …………. 111
Figure 5.2: ADS-TEC Energy’s ChargePost and ChargeBox options and dispenser .. 112
Figure 5.3: The Hypercharger HYC300 …………. 114
Figure 5.4: Ecotap’s DC150/180 chargers ………… 121
Figure 5.5: Troniq Modular from EVBox………… 127
Figure 5.6: Kempower Satellite and Station Charger ……….. 134
Figure 5.7: Unity360 from Kostad …………. 136
Figure 5.8: The Tritium RT350 …………… 140
Figure 5.9: BTC Power’s Gen 4 and 350 kW Dispenser unit …….. 143
Figure 5.10: Additional hardware and software providers …….. 157
Figure 6.1: DFDS electric trucks from Volvo Trucks ……… 159
Figure 6.2: Delivery of Tesla Semis to PepsiCo …….. 160
Figure 6.3: Nova Bus model LFSe+ for MTA in New York ……. 162
Figure 6.4: Volvo FH Electric in Boliden mine ……….. 163
Figure 6.5: Scania Electric refuse truck in Copenhagen ………. 164
Figure 7.1: Installed base and shipments of charging points (Europe 2022–2030) ….. 168
Figure 7.2: Connected charging points by technology (Europe 2022–2030) …… 169
Figure 7.3: Installed base and shipments of charging points (North America 2022–2030) ….. 170
Figure 7.4: Connected charging points by technology (North America 2022–2030) … 171
Figure 7.5: Reduction targets for different vehicle types in Europe (2025–2040) …. 174
Figure 7.6: Distance targets for electric truck and bus recharging stations ….. 175
Figure 7.7: Examples of charging infrastructure incentives in European countries ….. 176
Figure 7.8: Example of subsidies aimed at electric CVs in the EU ……. 177
Figure 7.9: Estimated targets for recharging stations for electric commercial vehicles … 179
Figure 7.10: Geographical presence of the leading DC hardware providers ……. 181
Figure 7.11: Installed base of DC charging stations by vendor (Europe Q4-2022).. 183
Figure 7.12: Installed base of DC charging stations by vendor (North America Q4-2022) .. 184
Figure 7.13: M&As related to heavy commercial vehicle charging (2021–2023) ….. 188