유럽과 북미의 전동차량용 충전 인프라 제2판

출판：Berg Insight 출판년월：2021년08월

・EV Charging Infrastructure in Europe and North America – 2nd Edition
유럽과 북미 전동차 충전

리포트목차　　　　주문/문의　　　　납기/라이센스안내

Berg Insight「유럽과 북미의 전동 차량용 충전 인프라(제2판)- EV Charging Infrastructure in Europe and North America – 2nd Edition」는 유럽과 북미의 전동 차량용 충전 인프라(전기 자동차용 충전 설비) 시장을 조사해, 충전 포인트 사업자, 자동차 메이커의 이니셔티브, 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 벤더의 밸류 체인을 해설·분석하고 있습니다.

주요 게재 내용

1. 유럽과 북미 전동차 충전
   1. 유럽 전동 차량 충전 인프라
   2. 북미 전동 차량 충전 인프라
   3. 전동 차량 시장
   4. 시장 플레이어
2. 충전 기술 및 표준
   1. 전동 차량 충전
   2. 커넥터 표준
   3. 연결 및 관리 소프트웨어
   4. 결제 솔루션
3. 충전 포인트 사업자
4. 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 공급업체
5. 시장 분석 및 동향
   1. 시장 분석
   2. 가치 사슬 분석
   3. 시장 동향

This study investigates the electric vehicle charging infrastructure market in Europe and North America covering all parts of the value chain including charge point operators, car OEM initiatives, and hardware and software vendors. About 887,000 of the charging points in the two regions were monitored via cellular connections in 2020. Get up to date with the latest information about vendors, charge point operators, products and markets.

Highlights from the report:

• Insights from 30 executive interviews with market leading companies.
• New data on EV charging infrastructure in Europe and North America.
• Comprehensive description of the EV charging value chain and key applications.
• In-depth analysis of market trends and key developments.
• Profiles of 54 companies offering EV charging hardware and software.
• Profiles of 27 charge point operators (CPOs).
• Market forecasts lasting until 2025.

목차

Table of Contents

Table of Contents ………………………………….. i
List of Figures ……………………………………… vi

Executive summary ………………………………….. 1

1 EV charging in Europe and North America ……………………. 3

1.1 EV charging infrastructure in Europe …………………….. 4
1.2 EV charging infrastructure in North America ………………….. 9
1.3 The electric vehicle market ………………………….. 10
1.3.1 Vehicle types …………………………….. 10
1.3.2 The electric vehicle market in Europe ……………………. 12
1.3.3 The electric vehicle market in North America ………………… 15
1.3.4 Electric vehicle models …………………………. 15
1.4 Market players ………………………………… 18
1.4.1 Charge point operators (CPOs) …………………….. 18
1.4.2 Mobility service providers (MSPs) ……………………… 18
1.4.3 Hardware and software providers ……………………… 19

2 Charging technologies and standards …………………….. 21

2.1 Electric vehicle charging …………………………. 21
2.1.1 AC and DC ……………………………….. 22
2.1.2 Charging modes and levels ………………………. 23
2.1.3 Battery capacity and charging time …………………… 25
2.2 Connector standards …………………………… 27
2.2.1 Type 1/SAE J1772 …………………………….. 28
2.2.2 Type 2 ……………………………….. 28
2.2.3 Combined charging system (CCS) ……………………. 28
2.2.4 CHAdeMO ………………………………… 29
2.2.5 Tesla Supercharger …………………………… 30
2.2.6 GB/T …………………………………. 30
2.3 Connectivity and management software ………………….. 31
2.3.1 Cellular IoT gateways, routers and modems ……………… 31
2.3.2 The open charge point protocol (OCPP) ……………….. 34
2.3.3 Charging station management software ………………… 35
2.4 Payment solutions ………………………………. 38
2.4.1 Mobile payments and RFID tags ……………………. 38
2.4.2 Payment terminals …………………………….. 39

3 Charge point operators ……………………………. 41

3.1 Europe ……………………………………. 41
3.1.1 Allego ……………………………….. 42
3.1.2 BP Pulse ……………………………….. 43
3.1.3 Bouygues Energies and Services (Bouygues Construction) ………. 44
3.1.4 CEZ Group ……………………………….. 44
3.1.5 EnBW ………………………………… 45
3.1.6 Eneco eMobility …………………………….. 46
3.1.7 Enel X (Enel Group) ………………………….. 46
3.1.8 ESB Group ……………………………….. 49
3.1.9 Fastned …………………………………. 49
3.1.10 Freshmile ………………………………. 50
3.1.11 Iberdrola Group …………………………….. 51
3.1.12 Innogy eMobility Solutions (E.ON Group) …………………. 51
3.1.13 InstaVolt ………………………………… 54
3.1.14 Ionity …………………………………. 55
3.1.15 Izivia (EDF) ……………………………….. 56
3.1.16 Mer (Statkraft) ……………………………. 56
3.1.17 NewMotion (Shell Group) ………………………. 57
3.1.18 Recharge ………………………………. 59
3.1.19 TotalEnergies ……………………………. 60
3.1.20 Vattenfall Group …………………………….. 61
3.2 North America ……………………………… 62
3.2.1 Blink Charging ………………………………. 62
3.2.2 Electrify America ……………………………. 64
3.2.3 Electrify Canada ……………………………. 65
3.2.4 EVgo …………………………………. 65
3.2.5 Hydro-Quebec ………………………………. 65
3.2.6 Tesla …………………………………. 66
3.2.7 Volta Charging ………………………………. 69

4 Hardware and software providers ……………………….. 71

4.1 Europe ……………………………………. 71
4.1.1 ABB …………………………………… 72
4.1.2 ABL …………………………………… 74
4.1.3 Alfen ………………………………….. 75
4.1.4 Alpitronic ………………………………. 77
4.1.5 Chargecloud ……………………………… 78
4.1.6 ChargeNode ……………………………… 79
4.1.7 Circontrol ………………………………. 80
4.1.8 Compleo Charging Solutions …………………….. 81
4.1.9 CTEK ………………………………… 82
4.1.10 DBT Group ……………………………….. 84
4.1.11 Driivz …………………………………. 85
4.1.12 Easee ………………………………… 86
4.1.13 Efacec ……………………………….. 87
4.1.14 Ekoenergetyka ……………………………… 88
4.1.15 eNovates ………………………………. 89
4.1.16 Ensto ………………………………… 90
4.1.17 Etrel ………………………………….. 91
4.1.18 EVBox (ENGIE)……………………………… 92
4.1.19 Evtec …………………………………. 95
4.1.20 Fortum ………………………………….. 95
4.1.21 Garo ………………………………….. 97
4.1.22 Gnrgy ………………………………… 98
4.1.23 GreenFlux ……………………………… 99
4.1.24 Green Motion (Eaton) ………………………….. 100
4.1.25 Has-to-be ………………………………… 101
4.1.26 Ingeteam ………………………………… 102
4.1.27 IES Synergy …………………………….. 103
4.1.28 Keba ……………………………….. 105
4.1.29 Kostad ………………………………… 106
4.1.30 Last Mile Solutions ………………………….. 107
4.1.31 Mennekes Group …………………………….. 108
4.1.32 Pod Point (EDF) ………………………….. 110
4.1.33 Rolec Services …………………………….. 111
4.1.34 Schneider Electric …………………………… 112
4.1.35 Siemens ………………………………. 113
4.1.36 Smartlab ……………………………… 115
4.1.37 Tritium …………………………………. 116
4.1.38 Virta ………………………………… 117
4.1.39 Wallbe …………………………………. 118
4.1.40 Wallbox ……………………………….. 119
4.1.41 Webasto ……………………………… 121
4.1.42 Wirelane ………………………………. 123
4.1.43 Zaptec ………………………………… 124
4.2 North America ……………………………….. 125
4.2.1 AddEnergie (FLO) …………………………… 126
4.2.2 BTCPower (Innogy) …………………………. 127
4.2.3 ChargePoint ……………………………. 129
4.2.4 ClipperCreek ………………………………. 131
4.2.5 Delta Electronics …………………………….. 132
4.2.6 EV Connect …………………………….. 133
4.2.7 EvoCharge (Phillips & Temro) ……………………… 134
4.2.8 EVPassport ……………………………… 135
4.2.9 Greenlots (Shell Group) ………………………. 136
4.2.10 SemaConnect ……………………………… 137
4.2.11 Signet …………………………………. 139

5 Market analysis and trends ……………………………. 141

5.1 Market analysis ……………………………… 141
5.1.1 Market forecast ……………………………. 141
5.1.2 Regional market analysis ………………………… 145
5.1.3 Government incentives and investments …………………. 147
5.2 Value chain analysis ………………………….. 150
5.2.1 EV charging hardware vendors ……………………. 150
5.2.2 Software providers and charge point operators ………………. 158
5.2.3 Automotive industry players …………………….. 164
5.2.4 Mergers and acquisitions ………………………… 167
5.3 Market trends ………………………………… 171
5.3.1 Electric vehicle market continues to grow in spite of the COVID-19 crisis … 171
5.3.2 The business case for connected charging stations continues to improve ….. 172
5.3.3 M&As drive consolidation in the EV charging landscape …………. 173
5.3.4 Going public gives access to growth capital ……………….. 174
5.3.5 Demand for public and destination charging to increase rapidly in Europe …. 175
5.3.6 Open architectures alter the EV charging value chain ………….. 176
5.3.7 A modular design improves the case for DC charging …………. 177
5.3.8 Car OEMs offer MSP services to lower barriers to EV adoption ……….. 177

Glossary ………………………………………. 179

List of Figures

Figure 1.1: Normal and fast charging points (EU22+3 2020) ……………….. 6
Figure 1.2: BEVs per normal and fast charging points (EU22+3 in 2020)…………. 7
Figure 1.3: Normal and fast charging points (North America 2020) ………….. 9
Figure 1.4: Electric vehicles per normal and fast charging points (North America 2020) …. 10
Figure 1.5: Registered electric vehicles and new registrations (EU22+3 2020) ………. 13
Figure 1.6: Registered electric vehicles and sales (North America 2020) ………… 15
Figure 1.7: Top selling highway capable all-electric cars (World 2020) …………… 17
Figure 2.1: Charging using alternating current (left) and direct current (right) …….. 23
Figure 2.2: Charging modes ………………………………. 24
Figure 2.3: Charging levels …………………………….. 25
Figure 2.4: Examples of battery capacity for different car models …………… 26
Figure 2.5: Theoretical charging times for a 90-kWh battery ………………. 27
Figure 2.6: Connector standards by geographical region ………………. 27
Figure 2.7: Common features in cellular IoT gateways and routers …………….. 32
Figure 2.8: Examples of routers used in EV charging applications ………….. 33
Figure 2.9: Overview of a cluster configuration …………………… 34
Figure 2.10: Example of a dashboard for management of charging operations ……… 37
Figure 2.11: Example of RFID card and tag ……………………….. 39
Figure 2.12: Examples of payment terminals for EV charging stations ………… 40
Figure 3.1: Enel X’s Juicebox …………………………….. 48
Figure 3.2: eBox from Innogy …………………………….. 53
Figure 3.3: NewMotion’s charger for businesses ……………………. 58
Figure 3.4: Tesla’s Supercharger ……………………………. 67
Figure 3.5: Tesla’s Wall Connector …………………………. 68
Figure 3.6: Charging station from Volta Charging …………………… 69
Figure 4.1: The Terra AC wallbox from ABB ……………………….. 73
Figure 4.2: The Hypercharger HYC150-2 ……………………….. 78
Figure 4.3: Chargestorm Connected from CTEK ……………………. 83
Figure 4.4: EVBOX’s Ultroniq and Troniq 100 …………………….. 94
Figure 4.5: KeContact P30 from Keba ………………………. 105
Figure 4.6: E-mobility Gateway from Mennekes ……………………. 109
Figure 4.7: Siemens SICHARGE CC AC22 and Siemens VersiCharge………….. 114
Figure 4.8: The Tritium RT50 ……………………………. 117
Figure 4.9: Quasar from Wallbox ………………………….. 121
Figure 4.10: Live and TurboDX from Webasto ……………………… 123
Figure 4.11: BTCPower’s 350 kW DC charger ……………………… 128
Figure 4.12: ChargePoint Home and Express Plus …………………… 130
Figure 4.13: Overview of SemaConnect’s offering ……………………. 138
Figure 5.1: Installed base and shipments of charging points (Europe 2020-2025) …… 142
Figure 5.2: Connected charging points by technology (Europe 2020-2025) …….. 143
Figure 5.3: Installed base and shipments of charging points (North America 2020-2025) … 144
Figure 5.4: Connected charging points by technology (North America 2020-2025) ….. 144
Figure 5.5: Policies active in major electric vehicle countries in Europe (Q2-2021) …… 149
Figure 5.6: Installed base of charging points by vendor (Europe Q2-2021) ………. 151
Figure 5.7: Installed base of DC charging stations by vendor (Europe Q2-2021) ……… 154
Figure 5.8: Installed base of charging points by vendor (North America Q2-2021) ……. 156
Figure 5.9: Installed base of DC charging stations by vendor (North America Q2-2021) .. 157
Figure 5.10: Connected charging points by software vendor (Europe Q2-2021) …… 159
Figure 5.11: Connected charging points by software vendor (North America Q2-2021) … 162
Figure 5.12: Public charging networks (North America Q2-2021)………….. 163
Figure 5.13: Public DC charging networks (North America Q2-2021) …………… 164
Figure 5.14: M&As among companies active in EV charging (2017-2021) ……….. 168
Figure 5.15: lPOs and listings via SPAC mergers (2014-2021) …………….. 175

Press release

Berg Insight는 유럽과 북미 전기 자동차 충전 인프라 시장에 대한 새로운 조사 결과를 발표했다. 유럽과 북미의 연결된 EV 충전 포인트의 수는 2020년에 약 160만대에 달했다. 유럽은 최대 점유율이 되는 약 130만의 충전 포인트가 있어 접속 보급률은 53%가 됩니다. 북미에서는 총 충전 포인트 수의 약 30만이 연결되어 있으며, 이는 연결 보급률의 40%에 해당합니다. 연평균 성장률 38%로 성장했으며, 두 지역의 연결 충전 포인트 수는 2025년 790만에 달할 것으로 예상된다.

커넥티드 EV 충전 스테이션 시장은 다양한 플레이어에게 제공됩니다. 충전 스테이션용 백오피스 소프트웨어 플랫폼을 제공하는 기업에는 충전 스테이션 전용 관리 소프트웨어 공급자, 하드웨어 공급자 및 충전 포인트 운영자(CPO)가 포함됩니다. CPO가 사내에서 개발한 백오피스 플랫폼은 다른 CPO에 대한 화이트 라벨 솔루션으로도 제공될 수 있습니다. 북미의 커넥티드 충전 포인트의 최고 기업은 확실히 ChargePoint입니다. 기타 북미의 커넥티드 충전 스테이션에서 뛰어난 점유율을 가진 기업은 AddEnergie, SemaConnect, EV Connect, Blink Charging, Greenlots (Shell Group), Tesla 등이 있습니다. ChargePoint와 EnelX는 주거용 충전기로 지역에서 큰 점유율을 가지고 있습니다.유럽에서 커넥티드 충전 포인트에서 큰 점유율을 가진 기업은 Etrel (Landis + Gyr), Easee, EVBox (Engie), NewMotion (Shell Group), Last Mile Solutions, Greenflux, Has-to-be, Virta Pod Point, Drivz 등이 있습니다. 북유럽의 하드웨어 공급자인 CTEK와 Zaptec도 상당수의 커넥티드 충전 포인트를 소유하고 있습니다. 그 외 유럽에서 주목해야 할 플레이어로는 Vattenfall, Innogy, Allego, Fortum을 들 수 있습니다.

The number of connected EV charging points in Europe and North America to reach 7.9 million by 2025

2021-08-31 – PRESS RELEASES

Berg Insight just released new findings about the market for electric vehicle charging infrastructure in Europe and North America. The number of connected EV charging points in Europe and North America reached an estimated 1.6 million units in 2020. Europe represents the largest share comprising around 1.3 million of these charging points, corresponding to a connectivity penetration rate of 53 percent. In North America, about 0.3 million of the total number of charging points were connected, equivalent to a connectivity penetration rate of 40 percent. Growing at a compound annual growth rate of 38 percent, the number of connected charging points in the two regions is expected to reach 7.9 million in 2025.

The connected EV charging station market is served by a variety of players. The type of companies offering back-office software platforms for charging stations include dedicated charging station management software providers, hardware providers as well as charge point operators (CPOs). The back-office platforms developed in-house by CPOs are in some cases also offered as white-label solutions to other CPOs. In North America, ChargePoint is a clear leader in terms of connected charging points. Additional companies having a notable number of connected charging stations on their platform in the region include AddEnergie, SemaConnect, EV Connect, Blink Charging, Greenlots (Shell Group) and Tesla. ChargePoint and Enel X further account for the majority of the connected home chargers in the region. Examples of vendors having a significant number of connected charging points in Europe include Etrel (Landis+Gyr), Easee, EVBox (Engie), NewMotion (Shell Group), Last Mile Solutions, Greenflux, Has-to-be, Virta Pod Point and Driivz. The Nordic hardware providers CTEK and Zaptec also have large numbers of connected charging points. Additional notable players in Europe include Vattenfall, Innogy, Allego and Fortum.

“The integration of communications equipment in EV charging stations can improve operations and the delivered service noticeably in several ways”, said Caspar Jansson, IoT Analyst, Berg Insight. Charging stations can be equipped with load balancing functions to reduce strain on local grids, while charge point operators can monitor and manage their charging stations remotely. Electric vehicle drivers, in turn, can locate chargers, monitor charging availability, book chargers and manage payments using a smartphone app. “The number of connected charging points has grown significantly in spite of the COVID-19 pandemic. As long as the electric vehicle fleet continues to grow rapidly, the demand for connected charging stations will continue to grow as well”, continued Mr. Jansson. He adds that most of the connected charging points in Europe and North America are either in public or semi-public applications. “The number of connected home charging stations is still relatively limited in both regions. The share of connected home charging points is expected to increase, however, as the general trend of our homes becoming smarter develops”, concluded Mr. Jansson.